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DeFord Lecture | Dr. Rose Cory

April, 18 2024

Time: 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Location: Boyd Auditorium (JGB 2.324)

The Role of Iron in The Degradation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Arctic by Dr. Rose Cory, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan

Abstract: Current estimates are that 5–15% of the tremendous pool of organic carbon stored in permafrost soils could be emitted as greenhouse gases by 2100 given the current trajectory of climate change, resulting in an additional one third degree Celsius of warming everywhere on Earth (i.e., Arctic amplification of climate change). However, the degree to which climate change will be amplified by greenhouse gases released from thawing permafrost is highly uncertain in large part due to insufficient understanding of the processes that degrade dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to carbon dioxide (CO2). Our work has shown that DOC degradation is tightly coupled to iron redox cycling in permafrost soils of the Arctic and in the surface waters draining these soils. For example, in waterlogged soils, redox reactions of iron produce reactive oxygen species (e.g., the hydroxyl radical) that oxidize DOC. On a landscape scale, the hydroxyl radical produced by iron redox cycling can oxidize as much DOC to CO2 as does microbial respiration of DOC in arctic surface waters. Upon export of dissolved iron and DOC from permafrost soils to sunlit surface waters, iron likely catalyzes the sunlight-driven (photochemical) oxidation of DOC to CO2. As a consequence, current estimates of additional global warming from the permafrost carbon feedback may be too low by ~ 14%.

UTIG Seminar Series: Tanner Mills, UTIG

April, 19 2024

Time: 10:30 AM - 11:30 AM
Location: PRC 196/ROC 1.603

Speaker: Tanner Mills, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Texas Institute for Geophysics

Host: Peter Flemings

Title: Predicting greenhouse gas fluxes to the atmosphere from thawing permafrost

Abstract: Arctic permafrost is thawing at rapid rates, which threatens to expose large stores of soil organic carbon to microbial degradation. As microbes utilize this carbon source, they produce greenhouse gasses (GHGs; CO2 and CH4) that can be emitted to the atmosphere and act as a positive feedback during future global temperature increases. While the permafrost carbon feedback has received much attention in the literature, little is known about the multiphase flow properties and the temperature dependence of microbial GHG production rates in thawing permafrost, both of which are essential for predicting GHG emissions from permafrost in the future. Flow experiments of synthetic and natural permafrost specimens under frozen conditions and incubations of permafrost samples are being performed to better understand the effective and relative permeabilities and GHG production rates of thawing permafrost soils. These data will be integral in providing new source terms for permafrost and global carbon models.

Master\'s Thesis Presentations

April, 19 2024

Time: 2:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Location: JGB

The Master of Science (MS) degree at the Jackson School of Geosciences is considered to be the professional degree for a career in the Geosciences. This degree is the foundation for students pursuing employment in the petroleum industry, environmental and hydrogeological fields, state and federal government agencies, and other related geoscience fields. Some students also use the MS degree as preparation for pursuing a Ph.D.

The Energy & Earth Resources Interdisciplinary program provides the opportunity for students to prepare themselves in management, finance, economics, law and policy leading to analytical and leadership positions in resource-related fields. The private sector and government organizations face a growing need for professionals that can plan, evaluate, and manage complex resource projects, commonly international in scope, which often include partners with a variety of professional backgrounds.

As requirements for these degrees, students must present a professional talk on Master\'s Thesis Presentations.

Hot Science - Cool Talks: \"Humans vs AI\"

April, 19 2024

Time: 5:30 PM - 8:15 PM
Location: Burdine 106

Advancements in AI have unleashed astonishing capabilities, but it is not magic. Peter Stone reveals his insights into cutting-edge AI and robotics and explores how they may reshape our world. Someday these technologies could win the World Cup, and they are already outperforming the best humans at complex tasks like high-speed racing.

Planetary Habitability Seminar Series

April, 22 2024

Time: 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Location: PMA 15.216B

UT Center for Planetary Systems Habitability Seminar Series. See website for speaker schedule and more details: View Events

Join remotelyhttps://utexas.zoom.us/j/94052130734

In person: Classroom 15.216B, Physics, Math and Astronomy Bldg.

UT Austin, Department of Astronomy

2515 Speedway, Stop C1400

Austin, Texas 78712-1205

UTIG Discussion Hour: Nicholas Montiel - PhD Talk (UTIG)

April, 23 2024

Time: 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Location: ROC 2.201

UTIG Seminar Series: Cornelia Rasmussen, UTIG

April, 26 2024

Time: 10:30 AM - 11:30 AM
Location: PRC 196/ROC 1.603

Speaker: Cornelia Rasmussen, Research Associate, University of Texas Institute for Geophysics

Host: Krista Soderlund

Title: The Emerging Field Of Position-Specific Isotope Analysis: Applications in chemical forensics, exobiology, geo- and environmental sciences

Abstract: Complex organics can be found all over our solar system and within each living thing on our planet, be it as part of its physiology or as a contaminant. However, different processes can lead to the formation of chemical identical molecules. This makes answering a number of scientific questions challenging. One example is distinguishing between biotic and abiotic molecules, hence hindering life detection on early Earth but especially on other planetary bodies, such as on Mars, Titan, Enceladus and on meteorites where organics have been detected. Moreover, tracing molecules as they move through the environment can be demanding, yet is essential in studying the flow of organic molecules as well as correlating pollutants with their source.

Novel tools to address these challenges are currently being developed. Especially, the emerging field of position-specific isotope analysis is beginning to grant access to the unique intramolecular carbon (13C/12C) isotope fingerprint preserved in complex molecules. This fingerprint can be applied in various scientific disciplines, ranging from forensics to exobiology, geo- and environmental sciences, including geo health.

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) has the potential to become a key player in this research area, as it allows the analysis of organics within complex mixtures, all without the need to fragment the molecule into single carbon units or the combustion of the molecule of interest.

We have been developing several NMR tools that allow us to investigate the intramolecular carbon isotope distribution within various molecule classes and to test the central hypothesis that the position-specific carbon isotope distribution within complex organics depends on a molecule’s source and formation history.

Planetary Habitability Seminar Series

April, 29 2024

Time: 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Location: PMA 15.216B

UT Center for Planetary Systems Habitability Seminar Series. See website for speaker schedule and more details: View Events

Join remotelyhttps://utexas.zoom.us/j/94052130734

In person: Classroom 15.216B, Physics, Math and Astronomy Bldg.

UT Austin, Department of Astronomy

2515 Speedway, Stop C1400

Austin, Texas 78712-1205

UTIG Discussion Hour: Kristian Chan - PhD Talk (UTIG)

April, 30 2024

Time: 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Location: ROC 2.201